SPEECH & LANGUAGE
A Parent’s Guide to Speech Delay
Is your child meeting their speech milestones? This guide helps you understand the difference between a speech and language delay, what to look for at each age, and simple ways you can help your child find their voice.
What is a Speech Delay?
It’s common to use “speech” and “language” interchangeably, but they are different. Understanding this is the first step.
Speech Delay
This is a challenge with the “how” of talking—the physical act of producing sounds. A child might have trouble making certain sounds correctly (e.g., saying “tup” instead of “cup”).
Language Delay
This is about understanding and using words. A child might have a smaller vocabulary than their peers or struggle to put words together to express ideas.
Speech Milestones to Watch For
Remember, these are general guidelines. Every child develops at their own unique pace!
By 12 Months
- Makes cooing and babbling sounds.
- Responds to their name.
- Waves “bye-bye” and plays social games like peek-a-boo.
- Says one or two simple words like “mama,” “dada,” or “uh-oh!”.
By 2 Years
- Has a vocabulary of 50+ words.
- Puts two words together (e.g., “more milk,” “mummy up”).
- Points to body parts when asked.
- Follows simple one-step commands like “Get your shoes.”
By 3 Years
- Uses 2-3 word sentences to talk about and ask for things.
- Speech is understood by familiar listeners most of the time.
- Can name most common objects.
- Asks “Why?” and other simple questions.
Your At-Home Speech Toolkit
You are your child’s first and best teacher. Simple, daily interactions are the most powerful way to encourage language.
Read, Read, Read
Read to your child every day. Point to pictures, name objects, and use expressive voices. It’s the best vocabulary-builder.
Narrate Your Day
Talk about what you’re doing. “I am washing the dishes.” “Look, a big red bus!” This ‘sportscasting’ surrounds them with words.
Play!
Get on the floor and play with them. Follow their lead and talk about the toys they choose. Play is a child’s natural language for learning.
Listen and Wait
Ask a question and then wait expectantly for a response, even if it’s just a sound or gesture. Give them time to process and try to communicate.
When to Consider Professional Support
While every child is different, certain signs may suggest it’s a good idea to seek an expert opinion. If you notice any of the following, or are simply concerned, a consultation can provide clarity and peace of mind.
- Your child isn’t attempting to communicate their needs, even non-verbally (e.g., by pointing).
- Your child seems to be losing speech or social skills they once had.
- You are the only person who can understand what your child is saying after age 3.